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DIFC launches digital assets and smart contracts regime

DIFC launches digital assets and smart contracts regime

Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), the leading global financial center in the Middle East, Africa and South Asia (MEASA) region, enacts the world’s first Digital Assets Law, a new Law of Security and related amendments to select existing legislation to cater for the consequences of the new digital assets regime and revised security regime. The legislative enactments aim to ensure DIFC Laws keep pace with the rapid developments in international trade and financial markets arising from technological developments, and to provide legal certainty for investors in, and users of, Digital Assets.

Digital Assets Law – DIFC Law No. 2 of 2024

Digital Assets represent a trillion-dollar asset class and the scope for future innovation and market opportunities within it are considerable. Thus far, the primary focus in many jurisdictions has been to regulate and impose enforcement related sanctions on some of the practical applications of this asset class from a regulated financial services perspective. However, the fundamental benefits brought about by blockchain technology, the digital assets that can be created thereby, and their application across a wide spectrum of use cases will grow and become of increasing importance in a much wider context. In this regard, the broader legal questions as to the exact nature of the legal features and consequences of digital assets has very much remained open for debate on a number of key issues. International legal developments and judgments across the common law world have begun to provide some clarity in this regard but have not yet provided a comprehensive legal framework mapping out the full extent of the legal characteristics of a digital asset and how users and investors within this asset class may interact with digital assets and each other.  

Following extensive review of the legal approaches taken to digital assets in multiple jurisdictions, and a period of public consultation in 2023, DIFC is now enacting its own Digital Assets Law. 

Existing DIFC laws such as the Contracts Law, Law of Obligations, Law of Security, Law of Damages and Remedies, Trust Law and Foundations Law have also been updated through DIFC Amendment Law, No. 3 of 2024, to cater to specific issues arising in relation to this asset class. 

Updates to the Law of Obligations also provide for the use of electronic transferable records. Electronic transferable records are functionally equivalent to paper trade documents or instruments such as bills of lading, bills of exchange, promissory notes and warehouse receipts. Recognition of such documents in electronic form facilitates greater efficiencies within cross-border digital trade by increasing the speed and security of transmission of documentation and allowing for the automation of certain transactions through smart contracts.

Similarly, a great deal of innovation has taken place in secured transactions regimes internationally – particularly since the DIFC Law of Security was enacted in 2005. This includes the emergence of businesses and platforms that enable the extension of credit in, and secured or covered by, digital asset collateral arrangements, and an increasing drive to digitise international trade.  

Following consideration of regimes in other jurisdictions and, in particular, UNCITRAL’s Model Law on Secured Transaction, in conjunction with the new Digital Assets Law, DIFC is repealing the 2005 Law of Security, and replacing it with a new Law of Security to significantly amend and enhance DIFC’s securities regime. This will align the regime with international best practice and provide clarity in relation to taking security over digital assets.  In doing so, DIFC is also repealing the Financial Collateral Regulations, amalgamating the financial collateral provisions into a new chapter of the new Law of Security. 

Jacques Visser, Chief Legal Officer at DIFC Authority, said: “DIFC is excited to announce the enactment of its Digital Assets Law. We consider this legislation to be groundbreaking as the first legislative enactment to comprehensively set out the legal characteristics of digital assets as a matter of property law, and to provide for how digital assets may be controlled, transferred and dealt with by interested parties. At the same time, we are also enacting a new Law of Security, replacing the 2005 law. The revised regime is modelled on the UNCITRAL Model of Secured Transactions and significantly enhances DIFC’s securities regime to keep pace with international developments in this field and to ensure DIFC remains at the forefront of best practice.”

The new legislation came into effect on 8 March 2024 and can be accessed via DIFC’s Legislative Database: here.
The new laws reflect the Centre’s commitment to maintaining a transparent and robust legal and regulatory framework aligned with global best practice.
 

India’s largest crypto exchange CoinDCX eyes international expansion starting with MENA

India’s largest crypto exchange CoinDCX eyes international expansion starting with MENA

In a recent CoinDCX blog post, where the founders Sumit Gupta and Neeraj Khandelwal addressed their users, investors and partners, the crypto exchange noted that their strategic investment in UAE based BitOasis crypto exchange was part of their expansion plans.

The six-year-old crypto exchange now one of the largest in India celebrated its anniversary.

While talking of the journey including the ups and downs from crypto market cycles, to regulatory hurdles, the founders noted that two things remained constant, their commitment to empowering Indians with the tools and knowledge they need to thrive in the crypto world, and the love and support of their incredible community.

What started as a crypto exchange in 2018 has evolved into a comprehensive ecosystem, encompassing an exchange, CoinDCX Ventures, the Okto self-custodial wallet, and the Okto SDK that bridges Web2 and Web3.

CoinDCX Ventures has already invested in 15 Web3 startups.

CoinDCX also mentions their strategic investment in UAE homegrown crypto exchange BitOasis. The post noted, “Our recent strategic investment in BitOasis, one of the leading exchanges in the MENA region, will facilitate CoinDCX’s expansion into international markets.” In the image associated with the blog post, it pointed out BitOasis as a “partner exchange”.

In August 2023, UAE based BitOasis crypto broker exchange announced that it had secured an investment from CoinDCX, India’s biggest crypt exchange. The announcement came after BitOasis’s license was deemed non-operational by Dubai’s virtual asset regulatory authority VARA and still stands to date as “non-operational” on VARA’s website.

The Blog post also notes that moving forward CoinDCX anticipates a bull run and expects surge in transactions and volumes. They post notes, “We have a huge responsibility to serve our customers better and introduce products that align with the market’s expectations. Going forward, we will continue empowering the masses by democratizing access to Web3. We promise that the coming year will be as exciting as the years gone by. As we continue to build in Web3, some of those initiatives will be rolled out soon. We are committed to take CoinDCX to the next level.”

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Again Saudi Arabia is barred from an AI investment

Again Saudi Arabia is barred from an AI investment

Once again Saudi Arabia has not been allowed to invest in an AI entity out of the United States. This time the company is Anthropic partly owned by the fallen FTX crypto exchange. As per CNBC, while sovereign wealth funds are among the investors eyeing to buy into Anthropic, including UAE Mubadala, Saudi Arabia is not one of them.

Anthropic according to sources speaking to CNBC, has ruled out taking money from investors or sovereign wealth fund in KSA. Anthropic executives cited national security, one of the sources told CNBC.

The stake in Anthropic is for sale because it belongs to FTX, the failed cryptocurrency exchange started by Sam Bankman-Fried, and is being unloaded as part of the company’s bankruptcy proceedings. FTX bought the shares three years ago for $500 million. The 8% stake is now worth more than $1 billion due to the recent boom in AI.

As per the article proceeds from the sale will be used to repay FTX customers. The transaction is ongoing and is on track to wrap up in the next couple weeks, said people with knowledge of the talks who asked not to be named because the negotiations are private.

The class B shares, which don’t come with voting rights, are being sold at Anthropic’s last valuation of $18.4 billion, sources said. Anthropic has raised roughly $7 billion in the last few years from tech giants like Amazon, Alphabet and Salesforce

While Anthropic’s founders told bankers they wouldn’t accept Saudi money, they don’t plan to challenge funding from other sovereign wealth funds, including United Arab Emirates fund Mubadala. The UAE-based firm is actively looking at investing, according to one of the sources.

In November 2023, The Biden administration forced a Saudi Aramco-backed venture capital firm to sell its shares in a Silicon Valley AI chip startup backed by OpenAI co-founder Sam Altman, as per Bloomberg

Altman-backed Rain Neuromorphics, a startup designing chips that mimic the way the brain works and aims to serve companies using artificial intelligence algorithms, raised $25 million in 2022.

Aramco’s Prosperity7, a lead investor in the $25 million round for Rain AI, sold its shares in the startup after a review by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, people familiar with the matter said, according to the Bloomberg report.

The agency, a U.S. watchdog for deals with national security implications, told the Saudi fund to unwind that deal sometime over the past year, the report said.

This comes as Saudi Arabia plans to create a fund of about $40 billion to invest in artificial intelligence. In recent weeks, representatives of Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund have discussed a potential partnership with Andreessen Horowitz, one of Silicon Valley’s top venture capital firms.

Cardano accelerator and Saudi ventures ASFA to drive Web3 adoption in KSA

Cardano accelerator and Saudi ventures ASFA to drive Web3 adoption in KSA

Adaverse, a Cardano focused accelerator that supports Web3 and blockchain solutions with funding, mentorship and tech infrastructure, has signed an MOU with Saudi based ASFA Ventures to drive Web3 innovation in KSA and beyond.

ASFA ventures is a ventures capital builder that focuses on technology ventures, Web3 technologies. It has already invested in Saudi projects such as AqarToken, and Tokenha. In the meantime, Adaverse has funded 40+ startups across Africa, Asia and beyond.

As per the statement on X, “We’re excited to announce Adaverse has signed an MOU with ASFA Ventures to drive Web3 innovation in Saudi Arabia and beyond. This partnership will empower startups, together we advance tech landscape across MENA.”

The MOU between Adaverse and ASFA plans to boost start up growth, drive Web3 innovation and empower technology advancement.

Adaverse adds, “This marks a pivotal step towards propelling Web3 innovation in Saudi Arabia. Together with ASFA Ventures, we’re on a mission to empower entrepreneurs and set new benchmarks in the digital landscape across MENA.”

Earlier this year, Adaverse invested in Saudi based Blockchain Fintech startup Takadao. This came at the heels of Adaverse’s expansion into Saudi Arabia with the opening of an office in Riyadh. Adaverse became the first venture capital fund in the KSA to specialize in Web3 and blockchain early-stage investing. In 2024, the company plans on investing $10 million in local Saudi Web3 startups.

UAE FAB bank completes Blockchain payments pilot with J.P. Morgan

UAE FAB bank completes Blockchain payments pilot with J.P. Morgan

UAE FAB bank, (First Abu Dhabi Bank), has announced the successful completion of its J.P Morgan’s Coin blockchain based cross border payments.

Coin systems support digital solutions on proprietary blockchain network to enable instant transfer and settlement of value on a permissioned distributed ledger.  The pilot phase, executed seamlessly and within satisfactory response times, have demonstrated the capabilities and potential of blockchain technology in enhancing cross-border payment solutions.

FAB’s achievement through collaboration with Onyx by J.P. Morgan, is a demonstration of the bank’s commitment to leveraging cutting-edge technologies to provide innovative solutions to its clients around payments space and particularly cross border payments domain.  Looking ahead, FAB’s Global Transaction Banking business plans to explore further opportunities using J.P. Morgan’s Coin Systems.

Bahrain’s ABC Bank was the first bank to actually go live with Coin System built on Onyx by J.P Morgan, after two years of piloting.

UAE M2 crypto exchange,custodian and investment platform launches Bitcoin Ethereum yield product

UAE M2 crypto exchange,custodian and investment platform launches Bitcoin Ethereum yield product

UAE base M2, a crypto exchange, custodian, and investment platform for crypto investors has officially launched its international platform, and is offering its first product M2 Earn, that provides yields of up to 10.5% on Bitcoin and Ethereum.

The M2 Earn product available at launch by M2, provides up to 10.5% yield on Bitcoin and Ethereum and investors can calculate their investment yields over a preferred timeframe by using the Earn calculator featured in the app.  M2 investment products and the app have been inspired by extensive industry benchmarking and mirror the rigorous systems of investment banking which are now being applied to the digital asset sector.

Stefan Kimmel, M2, CEO, said: “The arrival of M2 group gives institutional investors, family wealth offices and retail investors the invitation they have been looking for to confidently and securely invest in the fast-growing digital asset sector. The first decade of crypto was marked by the introduction of Bitcoin and the highs and lows of a volatile asset class with a heavy focus on speculation. M2 has been built to give experienced investors exposure to the digital asset sector by offering market leading yields that are based on real returns.”

As per the press release, M2 has to date obtained a license from The Securities Commission of Bahamas (SCB) as a Digital Assets Business and M2 Limited and M2 Custody Limited (M2 ADGM) a Financial Services Permission from the Financial Services Regulatory Authority of the ADGM as a Multilateral Trading Facility (MTF) and for Providing Custody.  Combined, the regulatory bodies offer the most comprehensive and progressive regulatory frameworks for digital assets in the world. Additionally, M2 has initiated licenses in several jurisdictions globally.

The M2 user experience has been designed by investors for investors and aims to eliminate the barriers slowing them down, features available on M2 at launch include:

  • Calculate the Real Yield – the M2 Earn calculator allows investors to easily evaluate what level of returns they can anticipate over 30, 60, 90 days. The Earn calculation you see is the real yield.
  • Set and Earn– The institutional grade Smart Trading features on M2 allows users to execute large buy and sell orders seamlessly, reducing transaction costs and saving users time.
  • Security beyond banking benchmarks – M2 security systems have been designed by cybersecurity experts who operate at the highest-level and all protocols are externally audited.
  • Global Community Support – The M2 support team provides coverage across multiple time zones ensuring 24-hour support for customers.

Marking the arrival of M2, the MMX token (ERC20) will be available to users and feature at the core of the M2 experience. The MMX token is designed to provide onboarded clients with specialized access to specific products and services within the M2 ecosystem that will include the ability to boost yields for M2 earn products (MMX tokens used to boost yields will be burned by M2, making it deflationary). The MMX token will also provide advanced access to new yield products and new digital asset listings. 

M2 plans to make the MMX token available on both centralized and decentralized secondary marketplaces. The token’s primary purpose is to enhance users’ experience of the M2 ecosystem and is not intended to serve as an investment vehicle or represent an ownership stake in M2. 

MMX will be freely transferable on the Ethereum blockchain. Provided users meet the M2 onboarding requirements, MMX tokens can be exchanged for other virtual assets and fiat currency, depending on the user’s needs. The M2 platform enables fast and secure trading of digital assets for fiat, fiat for digital assets, and digital assets for other digital assets, as well as offering high yield earn products. Visit M2.com.

UAE HAYVN crypto trading platform processes 22,000 crypto transactions in 2023

UAE HAYVN crypto trading platform processes 22,000 crypto transactions in 2023

UAE based HAYVN Pay an AC Holding Limited Dubai, offering,  digital asset-focused financial institution delivering Trading, Custody, Asset Management and Research services has processed over 22 000 cryptocurrency transactions to date in 2023.

As per HAYVN linkedIn post, “The market demands a payment platform that is accessible, regulated, affordable and efficient.”

The post adds, “HAYVN Pay is a regulation and technology-led business. We currently meet and exceed the requirements of several payment regulators and will continue to lead the integration of cryptocurrency into the traditional payments ecosystem.”

Prior to this announcement, HAYVN announced that it had received obtained initial approval from the Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA) in Dubai. HAYVN will now undertake the in-depth process of applying for a Virtual Asset Service Provider License, in accordance with VARA requirements.

The initial approval affirms HAYVN’s commitment to strengthening its presence throughout the by ensuring firm commitment to regulatory compliance in the region, which remains a core territory for HAYVN.

At the time CEO of HAYVN, Christopher Flinos stated, “We are delighted to have met the requirements for our initial approval from VARA and look forward to being part of VARA’s regulatory framework. VARA regulation solidifies our position as the trusted cryptocurrency provider regionally. This is a core market of ours, and our regulatory strength here further supports our broader GCC business. We are proud to be a regulation-led firm, committed to upholding the highest standards of regulatory compliance, as we continue to expand our presence and contribute to the growth of the digital asset ecosystem here in the UAE.”

UAE Enjinstarter launches AYA Web3 Launchpad to tackle climate challenges

UAE Enjinstarter launches AYA Web3 Launchpad to tackle climate challenges

UAE Enjinstarter launched in 2021 as a Launchpad, incubator, crowd funding, and advisory platform for Web3 metaverse, gaming, entertainment and impact and sustainable projects has announced the launch of AYA, ( means miracle in Arabic) dedicated to empowering innovators to tackle climate challenges.

“MENA is at the forefront of climate change, with temperatures expected to rise by 2.5 degrees by 2050. The UAE is emerging as a global leader in sustainability and Web3, attracting builders, investors, and climate warriors,” says Prakash Somosundram, our CEO.

With a focus on areas like reforestation, mangrove conservation, and sustainable agriculture, AYA aims to bridge the climate financing gap, offering a platform for high-impact startups to access innovative technologies, raise funds, and leverage tokenized carbon credits.

At the beginning of 2023, Enjinstarter appointed Vasseh Ahmed as the new Managing Director to lead the Web3 efforts in the MENA region. Vasseh spoke with LaraontheBlock discussing Enjinstarter’s plans to help companies reach their Web3 ambitions while positioning Enjinstarter as the go to provider for impact and sustainability projects.

In the interview Ahmed states, “Web3 has a major role to play in addressing the climate crisis. Carbon credits, in particular, can benefit from Web3’s underlying technology to increase transparency and accessibility. We want to support projects that are looking for ways to shift incentives away from exploitation and toward preservation and regeneration.”

In May 2023 EnjinStarter MENA, a web3 Launchpad and incubator, became the first Launchpad globally to receive initial approval by Dubai’s virtual asset regulatory authority.

UAE based Solarix Ventures is seeking to invest in Web3 technology entities and will be participatiog at the Abu Dhabi Family office Summit on the 23rd of November 2023.

Crypto mining firm Phoenix Group sells 10% of its shares to Abu Dhabi IHC

Crypto mining firm Phoenix Group sells 10% of its shares to Abu Dhabi IHC

UAE based Phoenix Group has sold 10% of its company shares to Abu Dhabi conglomerate International Holding Company’s subsidiary.

IHC’s wholly owned unit, International Tech Group, has entered into a definitive agreement to buy 10% stake in Phoenix Group, according to a disclosure on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange (ADX).

The company is currently completing all required procedures and obtaining regulatory approvals to complete the transaction, the disclosure noted.

This announcement comes at the heels of an agreement between Muscat-based Green Data City and Phoenix Group to develop a $300 million crypto-mining farm in Oman. The 150-megawatt farm, which will be one of the largest crypto-mining data centers in the region, will be installed in Green Data City, the entities said in a joint statement. The farm is expected to be fully operational by the second quarter of next year.

Pheonix Group had announced on several occasions that it was seeking to have an IPO ( Initial Public Offering). With the 10% acquisition by IHC this could well put the IPO on hold.

Phoenix provides crypto-mining equipment distribution and hosting services. The company has a portfolio of mining facilities in the Middle East, Europe, the US, and Canada.

In the first half (H1) of 2023, IHC  generated net profits valued at AED 10.39 billion, up from AED 10.35 billion during the same period a year earlier.

This is a reflection of Abu Dhabi’s government interest in crypto mining. Prior to this Marathon Digital a digital asset mining entity announced in January 27th 2022, that it had entered into a shareholder’s agreement with FSI ( FS Innovation), the BTC mining subsidiary of UAE ADQ a sovereign fund,  to form an Abu Dhabi, ( ADGM (Abu Dhabi Global Markets) based company.

Marathong Digital will use fossil fule offset or nuclear to power bitcoin mining operation.

UAE Public Prosecution discusses money laundering crimes using virtual assets

UAE Public Prosecution discusses money laundering crimes using virtual assets

The UAE Public Prosecution is launching a forum entitled  “Financial Crimes Foresight Forum” on 11th October 2023, to discuss money laundering crimes using Virtual Assets. The event will be organized in anticipation of the upcoming International Summit on Metaverse Governance and Emerging Technology, scheduled to commence early next year in 2024.

The forum aims to study and analyze trends in financial crimes and explore proactive preventive measures based on modern and future global trends. It also seeks to explore the future of financial crimes in all its forms and delve into in-depth research to present them as topics for the upcoming International Summit on Metaverse Governance and Emerging Technology.

The forum presents an opportunity for exchanging experiences and enhancing awareness and commitment to combating various forms of financial crimes, especially those based on virtual assets. Experts will discuss the evolution of financial crimes related to virtual assets to shed light on achieving a balance between technological advancements and financial security guarantees. Moreover, it aims to develop scenarios for future information security challenges in the financial and banking sectors and the cyber risks they may face.

The forum will host a select group of speakers from the UAE Public Prosecution, the Securities and Commodities Authority, the Cyber Security Council, the Executive Office for Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing, the UAE Financial Information Unit, the Dubai Police General Headquarters, the Economic Security Center of Dubai, the Dubai Public Prosecution, and the Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority of Dubai.