The recent story that the UAE and India carried out an oil deal using XRP token over CFT (Crypto trading Fund) ledger, is not only unbacked and false but also illegal in the UAE.

The story which was first published in a media entity called Cryptoalert soon was copied and published as if it was real news.

The cryptoalert piece stated that “In a historic shift, India and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have completed their first-ever crude oil transaction using their local currencies, effectively bypassing the US dollar. This landmark trade signals a broader strategy, set in motion last July, aimed at promoting trade in native currencies and cutting down on dollar-conversion costs.”

It also stated that the trade was integrated with the XRP Ledger System CryptoTradingFund (CTF), allowing customers to earn cash back rewards in CTF tokens.

The piece did not mention which entities had transacted this crude oil transaction, nor where there any social media posts, press releases or confirmations from either CTF or Ripple on the topic. Yet this did not stop many media entities in the crypto and blockchain ecosystem from publishing the story.

Since then prominent blockchain pundits have noted how media publish false stories to push crypto users to purchase XRP and CFT token.

Ripple is not XRP

“XRP” and “Ripple” are often erroneously used interchangeably. Ripple (previously Ripple Labs) is a company, and XRP is the name of the native cryptocurrency for XRP Ledger, an open-source distributed ledger run by the XRPL foundation.

As such proponents of XRP are distributed across many entities and individuals and not only Ripple which uses XRP ledger in some of its products.

UAE Dirham backed stablecoin

In addition, the UAE Central Bank recently announced its payment token regulation which stipulates that stablecoins, and crypto cannot be considered as legal tender in the UAE. The only stablecoin that the UAE will allow for payments inside the UAE are digital dirham stablecoins.

To date no digital dirham stablecoin has been issued within the UAE. As such it would be not only impossible but also illegal for oil to be sold to another country using a digital asset, crypto other than the dirham stablecoin which is pegged to the UAE Dirham.

XRP recognized in DIFC

The only recognition for XRP in the UAE is within DIFC ( Dubai International Financial Center). In November 2023, two new crypto tokens TonCoin (TON), and XRP joined Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum, and Litecoin as recognized crypto tokens by the Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA), the financial regulatory agency of the special economic zone, the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC). The announcement of XRP being accepted into DIFC as a crypto token was published in a Ripple press release.

The DFSA the crypto token regime now includes five crypto tokens that can be utilized by virtual asset firms within the DIFC. Licensed firms will be able to incorporate XRP and TON into their virtual asset services. XRP and TON will be available for use by institutions located in the DIFC to accelerate faster, more efficient global value exchange.

As such the only legal utility for XRP would be in a free zone DIFC to be specific.

Tether Operations Limited, a company in the digital assets domain, and creator of USDT stablecoin has announced a $3 million strategic investment in Kuwait based Kem app, a platform designed for money transfers and financial management.

As per the press release, the investment and collaboration will allow Kem App to introduce USDT on its platform to drive widespread adoption in the MENA region to revolutionize traditional payment systems.

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) has the sixth largest crypto economy of any region, with an estimated $389.8 billion in on-chain value received between July 2022 and June 2023. This represents nearly 7.2% of global transaction volume during this period.

The announcement notes that with the launch of USDT on Kem app, millions of expats in countries such as Kuwait, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Iraq will benefit from using USDT and accessible financial services.

The Kem app, enbles seamless cross-border transactions. Tether’s investment underscores its commitment to expanding accessibility and fostering global financial inclusion. This initiative also signifies a strategic expansion into the Middle East market, with Kem serving as a regional asset.

Paolo Ardoino, CEO of Tether, said, “This investment reinforces Tether’s commitment to promoting financial inclusion and stability. We believe that everyone should have the means to protect their families and businesses against inflation while enjoying unrestricted access to financial services. Our investment in Kem App is a testament to this belief, as the platform provides tools that simplify access to the financial system, perfectly aligning with our mission to advance financial freedom for all.”

Stablecoin Growth in MENA

In June 2024, the UAE Central Bank approved the issuance of a regulation for licensing and overseeing stablecoins and a series of policies aimed at supporting the banking, insurance, and financial services sectors. UAE Stablecoin Payment Token services regulation came out laying down the rules and conditions by the Central Bank of UAE for licenses pertaining to payment tokens, not allowing algorithmic tokens to be included and only allowing foreign stablecoins to be used to purchase virtual assets.

The UAE Central Bank made a clear distinction between the Dirham Payment token which can be issued by licensed payment token issuers used for any lawful purpose, and the foreign payment token issued by a Registered Foreign Payment Token Issuer which can only be used as a means of payment for purchasing virtual assets or derivatives of virtual assets.  

As reported by CoinMarketCap, the total market capitalization of stablecoins reached $174 billion as of August 2024 – with USDT (Tether), USDC (Circle), and DAI, together accounting for circa 93 percent of the market.

Tether is not the only stablecoin issuer that is trying to enhance its presence in the MENA region. In December 2023, Circle Internet Financial (Circle), and UAE based Fuze, MENA’s digital assets infrastructure provider, to expand adoption of USDC stablecoin in MENA region, after signing MOU (Memorandum of Understanding).

Circle, the issuer of the US-dollar backed stablecoin USDC, will work with Fuze to expand the adoption of USDC amongst new customers in the region, such as banks, fintechs, traditional enterprises and Web3 firms. The scope of the agreement covers the Middle East, Africa and Turkey, paving the way for the expanded use of USDC in these regions and the piloting of new use cases relevant to these markets.

Tether’s investment and collaboration is also setting the stage for Kem to enhance its offerings and better serve millions of underserved businesses throughout the Middle East. By incorporating cryptocurrencies into its platform, Kem aims to replicate the success of financial platforms offering cryptocurrencies in other markets, driving mass adoption and fostering a more inclusive banking landscape in the Gulf region.

Singaporean Blockchain fintech company DMZ Finance has been chosen by Qatar QFC Digital Assets Lab, which was developed by the Qatar Financial Centre (QFC) a special economic zone established by the Qatar government to promote the development of the national financial industry.

DMZ Finance is dedicated to “Navigating DeFi with World-Class Banking”. By partnering with world-class banking institutions, DMZ Finance provides traditional financial institutions and VIP investors with comprehensive institutional-grade solutions for entering the crypto world.

The QFC Digital Assets Lab is its new innovative platform, guided and supported by the Qatar Central Bank (QCB). QFC aims at promoting the development and application of digital asset technology in Qatar and the whole Middle East region. Joining the lab is a crucial step toward obtaining a TSP license in Qatar, which is key for compliance in the issuance, custody, and operation of digital asset exchanges.

DMZ CEO Lee Kai Yang commenting,” Joining the QFC Digital Assets Lab is a significant achievement. “QFC Digital Assets Lab recognizes the DMZ team’s technical strength. We look forward to working with QNB and other partners to promote adoption of blockchain technology, creating a safer, more efficient, and transparent global financial system.”

In June 2024, Blade Labs is a financial technology that tokenizes financial productions and services secured a fintech license at Qatar Financial Center, and was also admitted to the Digital Asset Lab. Blade Labs had partnered with The Hashgraph Association, a Swiss digital enabler of the Hedera Network, to utilize DLT ( distributed ledger technology) to foster and advance financial services to the masses of the MENA region.

UAEbased QCP Capital recently analyzed the price of Bitcoin stating that it has witnessed an unbelievable and swift recovery, comparing it with the increasing sideline of ETH ( Ethereum).

QCP, an institutional digital assets company received In-Principle Approval from the Financial Services Regulatory Authority (FSRA) of Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) to conduct regulated activities in May 2024. According to QCP, the decision to make a move into this strategic market for the company’s footprint was in anticipation that the Middle East is going to become a dominant global hub for capital flowing into traditional and digital assets.

According to their market insights report published on August 10th , BTC ( Bitcoin) price is almost exactly where we started a week ago, hovering above 60k. It noted, “Truly an unbelievable and swift recovery, after getting hammered to 49k lows on Monday which was the worst single-day drawdown we’ve seen in years.”

The added that there were two major observations, the first is that there has been a fundamental shift in the liquidity profile of ETH relative to BTC. As per their analysis, while BTC is becoming increasingly integrated into the mainstream macro capital markets, ETH is becoming increasingly sidelined. This development likely stems from the distinct lack of interest in the ETH spot ETFs relative to the BTC spot ETF.

They believe that BTC as digital gold is a compelling narrative to investors while ETH is lacking one. This liquidity shift was made painfully obvious on Monday when ETH plummeted 22% compared to BTC’s 16%.

Yet they state that this is not necessarily negative for ETH price, because while Bitcoin has a propensity for exponential price gains, it also has a potential for larger drawdowns. They note in the report, “Before the ETH spot ETF, the difference in implied volatility between BTC and ETH was closer to 5%. Right now, it has expanded towards 20% and could be even higher. Perhaps the strategy here is to sell BTC volatility and buy ETH volatility.”

In terms of the second observation, they believe the Bitcoin is bullish. They attribute this analysis to the fact that despite what they call the crazy volatility, there was consistent demand for BTC calls expiring in 2025 with strikes close to 100K.

According to their analysis, the crypto market, is back on track towards a bullish year end.

UAE and Saudi based Blockchain enabled Verofax, offering traceability and AI technologies, has signed an MOU ( Memorandum of Understanding) to partner with climate tech startup NetGreen to activate retail channels to lead the change in re-greening our planet with trust and transparency.

NetGreen’s platform meets an urgent market need where individuals can purchase a plant-a-tree service from validated reforestation projects to combat climate change. NetGreen enables participants to directly engage in reforestation through everyday transactions, such as converting loyalty points into tree plantings. This model not only supports carbon sequestration but also enhances biodiversity and fosters a deeper connection between communities and their natural environments.

With Verofax validating, reforestation projects becomes seamless using Verofax’ Tree Chain technology for identifying, tracking and measuring the carbon capture from trees using computer vision, AI drone feeds, geolocation, and an immutable ledger.

These technologies will automate operations to prevent double counting and ensure their alignment with the latest international standards, including Verra and UNFCCC CDM.

Nisreen Shadad, CEO and Co-Founder of NetGreen, stated, “Partnering with Verofax propels us towards our vision of a greener planet by enhancing the reach and effectiveness of our reforestation projects. Their advanced technology solutions will allow us to provide undeniable proof of impact to our participants, increasing trust and participation rates. This is a game-changer for environmental engagement.”

Wassim Merheby, CEO of Verofax, said, “This partnership is an excellent opportunity to showcase how innovative technology can be harnessed to address some of the most pressing environmental challenges. By supporting NetGreen, we are not only contributing to scaling reforestation but also demonstrating the potential for technology to create significant positive change.”

This is not the first time that Verofax partners with entities to support sustainability and environmental efforts. This year UAE based BANTgo and Verofax collaborated to enhance e-waste collection.  The partnership seeks to galvanize the masses into responsible recycling by rewarding their endeavors with tokenized incentives.

The Saudi headquartered Digital Cooperation Organization (DCO), a global multilateral organization committed to enabling digital prosperity for all by accelerating the sustainable and inclusive growth of the digital economy, in its second edition of EconomiX magazine will cover the topics of digital assets, tokenization, and the digital economy. This publication serves as a key platform for knowledge sharing and insightful discussions on the ever-evolving digital landscape.

EconomiX magazine brings together thought leaders from governments, businesses, academia, and international organizations to explore critical topics influencing the global digital economy.

The Digital Cooperation Organization (DCO), an international multilateral organization that aims to promote digital prosperity for all by accelerating inclusive and sustainable growth of the global digital economy, announced in February 2024 that Jordan will hold the organization’s presidency in 2024. Jordanian Minister of Digital Economy and Entrepreneurship Ahmad Hanandeh will be the new chairman of the DCO Council for Digital Collaboration. The announcement was made during the DCO’s third annual General Assembly meeting, which took place in Bahrain attended by heads of delegations, ministers, and representatives from the 16 DCO member countries. The next DCO General Assembly is scheduled for February 2025 in Jordan.

The second issue of EconomiX delves into a range of thought-provoking themes, including empowering women via gender parity and technology, digitalizing women-led MSMEs and facilitating their access to user-friendly e-commerce platforms, equipping entrepreneurs with skills and tools to grow and thrive in the digital economy, digital FDI and the digital investment map, bringing global trade systems under one digital roof, combatting online misinformation, digital assets and tokenization, and deep diving into digital economies of several DCO Member States looking at the key projects, initiatives, and prospects, as well as the challenges they are facing and the opportunities they are leveraging.

“The DCO is committed to bridging the knowledge gap and fostering meaningful dialogue on crucial aspects of the digital economy. EconomiX magazine serves as a catalyst for innovation and collaboration, empowering our readers to navigate the complexities of the digital age and unlock its immense potential. Building on the success of the inaugural issue of EconomiX, this edition dives deeper into critical digital economy trends, offering insightful analysis and expert commentary to empower informed decision-making,” said Manel Bondi, the DCO Chief of Digital Markets Growth and Chief Editor of EconomiX.

This edition features exclusive interviews with prominent figures shaping the digital world, along with insightful articles and case studies that provide actionable guidance for navigating the digital revolution. Readers will gain valuable perspectives on leveraging digital transformation to drive economic and social prosperity.

The launch of EconomiX by DCO comes at a time in Saudi Arabia and GCC region where Web3, blockchain, AI, and digital asset projects are kicking off.

Al Maryah Community Bank, a digital bank in the UAE has announced the launch of what it calls the first UAE Blockchain enabled national digital wallet, called Mbank Wallet.

As per the X post, “Al Maryah bank Introducing Mbank Wallet: UAE’s first national digital wallet using decentralized blockchain technology, enhanced with QR technology, and linked to Jaywan.”

Jaywan is the UAE’s domestic card scheme. Users open an account with their Emirates ID and add a the Blockchain enabled digital wallet with an IBAN.

The post adds that the Mbank wallet will allow for better financial inclusion within the UAE.

The new digital wallet will allow seamless financial transactions; send, receive, request, and pay money effortlessly, as well as send funds globally.

The Mbank Wallet is already accepted in TAMM, Emarat, Select Market, and Air Arabia.

In May 2024 Al Maryah Community Bank (mBank) has entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC). This collaboration aims to streamline the account opening process for businesses within DMCC through an Mbank integrated digital platform.

Utilizing Mbank’s Corporate Platform, companies seeking to establish themselves in DMCC can now digitally complete their business bank account opening in six steps, within 48 hours.

In November 2023 Al Maryah Community Bank chose to leverage the services of Ripple ODL partner LuLu to facilitate cross-border money transfers.

Azimut, an independent, global group in asset management, wealth management, investment banking and fintech, has successfully completed a new club deal to invest in Alps Blockchain totaling $156 million. Alps Blockchain is one of Europe’s leading companies and a leader in Italy in the production of computational power for blockchain and digital mining with operations in Oman.

This new €105 million ( $113 million) investment by Azimut in Alps Blockchain, follows a previous round of €40 million ($43 million) in 2023, confirming the confidence and involvement of private investors in the growth of this innovative company. Total club deal investments now stand at $156 million.

Azimut’s investment was made through Azimut Direct Investment Alps Blockchain II SCSp, a dedicated Luxembourg vehicle that invested in a 5-year guaranteed bond with the option of early redemption by Alps Blockchain. This transaction allowed around 1,000 customers, served by the Group’s network of financial advisors and wealth managers in Italy, to gain exposure to the growth of the blockchain sector.

Alps Blockchain is an Italian company that builds and operates mining farms with the aim of contributing to the development of new technologies and supporting the evolution of the energy sector, combining innovation and efficiency. In the last three years the company has quintupled the number of mining machines installed in its planned sites globally from 2,500 to over 15,000. This increase has enabled the company to reach a total energy capacity of 50 MW and more than 2 EH/s (exahash per second) of computing power produced by June 2024.

Alps Blockchain’s positive trend is also reflected in its financial results. Revenues increased from €697,000 in 2020 to €17.3 million in 2022. In 2023, thanks in part to Azimut’s first investment round, revenues reached €43.6 million, an increase of around 140% compared to the previous year, which, with a positive EBITDA.

The funds raised will be used to support Alps Blockchain’s growth and internationalization path, with a focus on consolidating and implementing its existing operations and considering expansion into new markets to further strengthen its global position.

From Italy, the company has already established operations in countries such as Paraguay and Ecuador, where the completed mining farms use hydroelectric power. Alps Blockchain actively supports the energy sector not only by focusing on hydropower, but also by exploring new sources and projects to promote the energy transition.

Among the key markets for future growth is Oman, where the company is already present with a state-of-the-art mining farm within the Green Data City technology hub. The strategic focus is also on North America, a major destination for the mining industry and attractive for new expansion opportunities.

Giorgio Medda, CEO and Global Head of Asset Management & Fintech of the Azimut Group, commented, “We are thrilled to strengthen our relationship with Alps Blockchain, whose objective is to make mining more sustainable, and to offer our customers the opportunity to participate in the growth of an all-Italian excellence that is rapidly establishing itself around the world. This new transaction is part of Azimut’s broader commitment to promoting a global and sustainable energy transition through innovative investment solutions in private markets. A commitment that from 2022 to date counts investments of over €350 million. Our vision is that asset management can increasingly play a crucial role in combining efficient capital allocation with building a more sustainable future’.

Francesco Buffa, CEO of Alps Blockchain, stated, ‘At Alps Blockchain we are committed to shaping projects that foster the synergy between new technologies and the world of energy, generating a positive impact in both sectors. This new investment is an extraordinary confirmation of the confidence in our work and an essential support for the near future. On the sixth anniversary of the company’s establishment, which was July 20th, we are enthusiastically inaugurating a new chapter in its history dedicated to the pursuit of ambitious growth targets.

Francesca Failoni, CFO of Alps Blockchain, added, “The increase in resources will allow us to contribute even more substantially to the blockchain ecosystem, fostering the development of solid and sustainable projects over time. Thanks to this financial transaction, we will not only be able to increase and make our existing sites more efficient, but also invest in the construction of new facilities, aiming to quadruple the production capacity of computing power in the service of this technology by the first quarter of 2025.”

M2 registered in ADGM, a virtual asset custodian and a Multilateral Trading Facility regulated by the Financial Services Regulatory Authority (FSRA) ADGM, has launched what it calls a simplified pathway for UAE residents to buy and sell Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH) through a direct integration with their bank account.

As per the press release, the integration serves as a significant milestone both for the wider accessibility of virtual assets in the region, as well as M2 working to offer a best-in-class product offering within a rapidly evolving landscape.

The new solution will allow UAE residents with banking services to seamlessly convert United Arab Emirates’ Dirhams (AED) into BTC and ETH – and vice versa – via trading pairs listed on M2’s spot market.

The press release adds, that this new pathway, which leverages the strength and security of robust banking infrastructure, is the most recent milestone in M2’s continued work to build trust and industry leading compliance in providing both the safe custody of virtual assets, and the ability to trade Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH) with UAE Dirham (AED).


CEO of M2 Stefan Kimmel said, “Through this compliant integration, UAE residents can enjoy the familiarity of their existing and trusted banking services, coupled with the cutting-edge security and functionality of our platform. This is all executed within one of the world’s strictest regulatory frameworks where consumer protection, technology, governance and custody are paramount. It is a significant step for M2 in ADGM as we work to expand our offering for the MENA region and reduce the friction in how clients can navigate between traditional finance and virtual assets.”

Sources close to the matter explained to Lara on the Block, that currently M2 is working with one major bank ( which prefers not to be named) and will expand this to other banks in the UAE in the future.

M2 registered in ADGM, which launched back in November 2023, announced that it was able to onboard retail and institutional clients and would be offering AED Fiat on and off ramp through its participation with a local bank. Eight months later, M2 is finally able to do this.

In a previous interview with Stefan Kimmel with Lara on the Block, Kimmel noted, that launching a fully regulated, transparent clean startup from Abu Dhabi ADGM ( Abu Dhabi Global Market) was because the FSRA ( Financial Services and Regulatory Authority) in ADGM is one of the oldest most respected and esteemed regulatory authorities when it comes to virtual assets and crypto. FSRA as Kimmel explained has been around for five years and has a comprehensive solid framework. He stated, “ After all that has happened in crypto over the past few years, everyone is looking for a safe protected transparent exchange, and this is what we are offering from ADGM.”

He also noted, M2 has is its strong liquidity which is essential for the success of any crypto exchange. M2 has an equity investment of $300 million with strategic partners being UAE based Phoenix Group and several Abu Dhabi family offices.

In the past year the UAE has attracted not only international crypto exchanges but it has also attracted home grown GCC crypto players. One of these international crypto exchanges, which sits as the world’s 12th biggest exchange has also set its eyes on MENA and the UAE viewing UAE as a unique jurisdiction.

BITGET Aka Leung, country manager asserts that UAE’s approach to crypto regulation differs from other jurisdictions, emphasizing the uniqueness of each.

Crypto regulations UAE, Hong Kong, Singapore

Speaking to Lara on the Block, Leung explains that UAE has progressively been embracing cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology positioning itself as a hub because of its favourable regulatory environment which allows citizens and residents to own, trade and invest in cryptocurrencies.

Leung affirms that Hong Kong and Singapore have taken a different approach than that of UAE. He states, “Hong Kong has been developing guidelines for cryptocurrency exchanges under its Securities and Futures Commission, striving to balance innovation and investor safeguarding. Meanwhile, Singapore has established a clear regulatory framework through the Payment Services Act, promoting a conducive environment for fintech and blockchain companies.”

He believes that each region has its unique regulatory approach that balances innovation and investor protection and market stability. He adds, “It is essential for industry stakeholders to navigate these diverse regulatory environments to ensure compliance, foster innovation, and build trust within the global crypto community.”

Crypto Growth in GCC

When it comes to the growth of crypto in the GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) region Leung has seen an increasing interest in not only cryptocurrencies but blockchain technology as governments and businesses explore these applications and their benefits.

Yet he explains that governments in the GCC market should provide clear and comprehensive regulatory frameworks. He explains, “To further stimulate the growth of crypto in the GCC market, regulatory frameworks need to tailor to the unique characteristics of cryptocurrencies that can enhance investor confidence and industry development.”

This should be coupled with “Education and Awareness” about cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology among the general public, businesses, and policymakers.

UAE Stablecoin regulation for crypto exchanges

UAE Stablecoin Payment Token Services Regulation came out laying down the rules and conditions by the Central Bank of UAE for licenses pertaining to payment tokens, not allowing algorithmic tokens to be included and only allowing foreign stablecoins to be used to purchase virtual assets, while the AED dirham stablecoin became the only stablecoin to be allowed for payments in the country.

While this is an advancement when it comes to utilizing the AED stablecoin as a legal tender, the question remains how can centralized crypto exchanges do with this new regulation?

Leung believes that centralized crypto exchanges can enhance the credibility of cryptocurrencies and the crypto exchanges themselves by adhering to the UAE Central Bank stablecoin regulations.

He notes, “Operating with regulated stablecoins demonstrates a commitment to compliance and regulatory standards, fostering trust among users and regulatory authorities. It will Increase the “Market Access” The acceptance of stablecoins as legal tender for payments within the UAE expands market access for crypto exchanges.”

According to Leung the UAE stablecoin regulation opens up new avenues for users to engage with cryptocurrencies, promoting adoption and usage across various sectors. He says, “This is a bridge from traditional finance to digital finance.”

Bitget expansion in MENA

Bitget crypto exchange has embraced the MENA region not only by supporting the Arabic language on its website and mobile application in 2023, but also by partnering with crypto payment solution provider allowing users to buy and sell crypto using various local currencies including, AED, EGP, SAR and others.

Currently Bitget is engaged in establishing trust with users and regulatory bodies as it paves the way for the long-term sustainability and growth.

He adds,” We are still exploring license applications to operate in the MENA markets.”

Crypto Exchanges and UAE’s digital economy

During a recent meeting of the G20 Labour and Employment Ministers’ meeting in Brazil, Shayma Al Awadhi, assistant undersecretary for Communication and International Relations at the UAE Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratization (MoHRE), said the UAE is expected to invest $20 billion in digital technologies such as information technology (IT), telecommunications, artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, and robotics over the next three years.

The UAE also noted during the G20 meeting that it aims to double the digital economy’s contribution to its GDP from the current level of 9.7 percent to 19.4 percent over the next 10 years.

The acceleration of digital economy’s contribution to UAE’s GDP is intertwined with the growth of digital assets, tokenization, crypto, and stablecoins. 

The role of regulated crypto exchanges will be strong.